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新课5 UNIT2 TRAVELLING AROUND（课内知识预习） 1.预习 Unit 2重点词汇 2.预习 Unit 2课文 3.Unit 2高频词汇精讲 一．单词学习 | | | | vi. & vt. 收拾(行李)；挤进；塞进vt. 包装 n. (商品的)纸包；纸袋；大包 | pack sth. (up) in/into. . . 把某物打包装进…… pack away(用后)收拾好 a pack of. . . 一包…… | | adj. 狭窄的；勉强的 vi. & vt. (使)变窄 | a narrow victory险胜 a narrow escape侥幸逃脱 | 反：broad/wide adj. 宽阔的 narrow-minded adj. 心胸狭窄的 | | adj. 平坦的；扁平的；瘪的(生义)；平淡的，单调的(嗓音)(生义)n. 公寓；单元房 | a flat tyre瘪了的轮胎 My mother’s voice is very flat. 我妈妈的声音很平淡 | apartment(especially NAmE)n. 公寓 | | | 反：powerless adj. 无影响力的；无权的；无能为力的 power n. 权力；控制力；能力；能量；电力 | | | accommodate v. 为……提供住宿；容纳 | | | 注意：unique表示“唯一的”时无比较级和最高级 be unique to. . . 是……特有的 | | | | | | | | | economic adj. 经济(上)的；经济学的 economical adj. 经济的；实惠的；节约的；省钱的 | | | do sb. credit/do credit to sb. 使某人值得赞扬(或表扬) to sb. 's credit使值得赞扬；使受尊重 | | | | | | n. 议论；评论 vi. & vt. 发表意见；评论 | comment on/upon. . . =make comments on/about对……作出评论 no comment(通常用于回答记者的问题)无可奉告 comment that. . . 评论说…… |
二．课文精研读 原文呈现 PERU is a country on the Pacific coast① of South America with three main areas：narrow②， dry, flat③ land running along the coast【1】， the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon rainforest. 【1】running along the coast为现在分词短语作定语，修饰land。 In the 1400s and 1500s，Peru was the centre of the powerful④ ancient Inca Empire⑤.The Inca emperor lived in the now－famous⑥ site⑦ Machu Picchu.Spain took control of⑧ Peru in the 16th century and ruled until 1821.It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official⑨ language of Peru【2】． 【2】本句是强调句型，强调的是原因状语for this reason。
TRAVEL PERU Amazon Rainforest Tour A short flight① from Cusco takes you from the Andes into the Amazon rainforest【1】．From there, you’ll spend one day travelling② by boat to your accommodation③ in the middle of the forest.You can then spend three days exploring④ the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique⑤ to the rainforest. 【1】此句和第二段中的第一句都使用了“...take(s) you...”句型，这是旅游英语中的常用句型。 Machu Picchu Tour This four－day walking tour will take you on amazing paths⑥ through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of Machu Picchu.After reaching your destination⑦， you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city.Especially amazing is the Incas’ dry stone method of building【2】．Inca builders cut stones to exact⑧ sizes⑨ so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than⑩ the perfect fit⑪ of the stones【3】． 【2】本句是表语提前引起的全部倒装结构，句子的主语是the Incas’ dry stone method of building。 【3】此处是so that引导的结果状语从句。 Cusco Tour Spend four days enjoying the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco，the capital⑫ of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century【4】．Stay in a local hotel, visit the museums, admire⑬ the architecture⑭， enjoy the excellent local food, and go shopping at the local markets. 【4】“the capital...until the 16th century”作Cusco的同位语。 Lake Titicaca Tour Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to⑮ Lake Titicaca【5】．There, a boat will take you to stay with a local Uros family on an island for three days.Both the island and the Uros homes are made of⑯ water plants⑰ from the lake. So come and experience what Peru has to offer【6】：everything from the ancient Inca culture and centuries－old⑱ Spanish villages to deep rainforests，high mountains, and a beautiful coastline. For more brochures about other package⑲ tours around Peru, contact⑳ us at21○ tourinfo@travelperu.org. 【5】此处是as引导的时间状语从句。 【6】本句为祈使句，what引导宾语从句。 三.课文语法填空 Peru is a country in South America facing the Pacific Ocean. It consists 1 three parts: narrow, dry, flat land running along the coast, the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon rainforest. Spanish is the main official language of Peru. It is because Peru 2 (rule) by Spain from the 16th century to 1821. But before that, Peru was the centre of the ancient Inca Empire, and 3 (it)emperor lived in what is now known as the site Machu Picchu. Peru is 4 amazing destination with something for tourists. Here 5 (be) four magical tours. In the Amazon Rainforest Tour, you can first take a short flight into the Amazon rainforest and then travel for a day to your 6 (accommodate) by boat. In the following three days, you can explore the unique rainforest with a local guide. In the Machu Picchu Tour, you can go on a four⁃day hike through the Andes Mountains to the city of Machu Picchu. After 7 (explore) the ancient city, you will find it very amazing, 8 (especial) the Incas' dry stone method of building. Inca builders cut stones so exactly 9 nothing was needed to hold walls together. In the Cusco Tour, it takes you four days to enjoy the Spanish and local Indian culture. In the Lake Titicaca Tour, you will have a chance 10 (stay)with a local Uros family for three days. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 1.of 考查介词。consist of...为固定短语,意为“由……组成”。故填 of。 2.was ruled 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据from the 16th century to 1821可知这里指发生在过去的事情,故用一般过去时;且Peru 与rule之间是被动关系, 表示“秘鲁被西班牙统治”,故用被动语态。Peru为单数意义,故填was ruled。 3.its 考查代词。设空处后面为名词emperor,设空处提示词为it,应用形容词性物主代词its修饰名词emperor,表示“它的皇帝”。 4.an 考查冠词。设空处前面为系动词is,后面为“形容词+名词”构成的名词短语,destination为可数名词单数,故填冠词构成“冠词+形容词+名词”形式的名词短语,作表语。amazing以元音音素开头,故填an。 5.are 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据上下文语境可知这里应用一般现在时;设空处前为副词Here,位于句首,设空处是谓语动词,主语是four magical tours,由此可推知,这是一个完全倒装句,谓语动词要与主语保持一致,所以应用复数are。 6.accommodation 考查名词。根据设空处前的形容词性物主代词your可知,设空处应填名词表示“住处”。故填 accommodation(表示“住处”时为不可数名词)。 7.exploring 考查动名词。根据设空处前的介词After可知,设空处应用动名词形式,故填exploring。 类比启发 在语法填空中,当设空处位于介词后,提示词为动词时,通常填动名词(动词的⁃ing形式)或名词。 8.especially 考查副词。此处指“尤其是印加人的干式石头搭砌的建筑方法”。设空处应用副词especially表示强调,意为“尤其”。 9.that 考查连词。设空处后面的部分结构完整,不缺成分,设空处前面为“so+副词”,故判断此处为so...that...“如此……以至于……”结构。此处指印加的建筑工人把石头切割得非常精确,以至于不需要任何东西来把墙固定在一起。 10.to stay 考查不定式。have a chance to do sth.表示“有机会做某事”。 四．高频词汇精讲 1. apply vi. & vt. 申请；请求；涉及 vt. 应用；涂(油漆、乳剂) 2. amazing adj. 令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的 3. arrangement n. 安排；筹备；约定 4. take control of控制；接管 5. recognise (recognize) vt. 辨别出；承认；认可；意识到 6. admire vt. 钦佩；赞赏；欣赏 7. contact vt. 联络；联系 n. 联系；接触 8. make up构成；形成 9. request n. (正式或礼貌的)要求；请求 vt. (正式或礼貌地)要求；请求 10. view n. 视野；景色；看法 v. 看待；把……视为 11. sight n. 景象；视野；视力 结构1. 强调句型 结构2. 表语前置构成的完全倒装 结构3. It is/was+adj. +that从句 1. apply vi. & vt. 申请；请求；涉及 vt. 应用；涂(油漆、乳剂) apply for a visa申请签证 用法归纳 ①apply (to sb. ) for sth. (向某人)申请某物 ②apply to do sth. 申请做某事 ③apply A to B把A应用于B；把A涂在B上 ④apply oneself to (doing) sth. 某人致力于(做)某事 ⑤apply to sth. /sb. 适用于/涉及某物/某人 词汇拓展 ①application n. 应用；申请 an application form申请表 an/the application to sb. for sth. 向某人申请某物 ②applicant n. 申请人(尤指求职、进高等学校等) 1.If you want to apply for the job，you need to make a lot of preparations. 如果你想申请这份工作，你需要做很多准备。 2.You will pass your exams if you apply yourself to your studies. 如果你致力于你的学业，你就会通过考试。(写作—学习建议) 3.We had to write a paper on how we plan to apply what we would learn in class to our future professions. 我们必须写一篇关于我们打算如何把在课堂上将要学的东西应用于我们未来的职业的论文。 2. amazing adj. 令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的 Why famous：amazing waterfalls，colourful lakes. . . 出名的原因：令人惊奇的瀑布，五颜六色的湖泊…… 词汇拓展 ①amaze v. 使惊奇 It amazes sb. that. . . /What amazes sb. is. . . ……使某人惊奇/使某人惊奇的是…… ②amazed adj. 惊奇的；惊讶的 be amazed at/by. . . 对……大为惊奇 be amazed to find/see/hear. . . 惊奇地发现/看到/听到…… be amazed (that). . . 对……感到惊讶 ③amazement n. 惊奇 (much) to one's amazement 令某人(非常)惊讶的是(常位于句首作状语) in amazement惊诧地 易混辨析 | 表示“吃惊的”，说明人的主观感受，主要修饰人或人的表情、语气等 | | |
1.It amazed her that he could be so calm at such a time. 在这个时候他还能如此冷静，真让她感到惊讶。 2.I'm sure the visitors will be amazed at the beautiful scenery in Jiuzhaigou. 我相信游客们会对九寨沟的美丽景色感到惊奇。 3.The foreign visitors are amazed to find that great changes have taken place in China in the past forty years. 这些外国游客惊奇地发现，中国在过去的四十年里发生了巨大的变化。 4.To my amazement，he looked at me in amazement，and it seemed that he hadn't recognized me. 令我惊讶的是，他惊诧地看着我，好像没有认出我来。 3. arrangement n. 安排；筹备；约定 Actually，I've just finished the travel arrangements!事实上，我刚把旅行安排做完! 用法归纳 ①come to an arrangement (with sb. )(与某人) 达成协议 ②make arrangements for sb. /sth. 为某人/某物做安排 词汇拓展 arrange v. 筹备；安排；整理 arrange sth. for+时间点 把某事安排在某个时间 arrange when/where/how/that. . . 安排何时/在哪里/如何/…… arrange sth. for sb. 为某人安排某事 arrange to do sth. 安排做某事 arrange for. . . to do sth. 安排……做某事 情景导学 1.We have come to an arrangement with them to repair the car. 我们已经和他们达成协议修那辆汽车。 2.When you arrive，we will make arrangements for you to be met at the railway station. 当你到达的时候，我们会安排人到火车站接你。(写作—邀请信) 3.Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children. 大多数博物馆也欢迎学校团体，并为孩子们安排特别的活动。 4.I have arranged for a photographer to take some pictures of you. 我已经安排了一个摄影师给你拍一些照片。 4. take control of控制；接管 Spain took control of Peru in the 16th century and ruled until 1821. 西班牙在16世纪控制了秘鲁，并统治到了1821年。 词汇拓展 be in control of. . . 控制/管理/支配…… be in/under the control of. . . 受……的控制/管理/支配 be under control被控制住；处于控制之下 be/get/run out of control失去控制 lose control of失去对……的控制 bring/keep. . . under control将……控制住 易混辨析 1.Happy people tend to believe they are more in control of their lives. 快乐的人往往认为他们更能支配自己的生活。 2.Now this company is in/under the control of my uncle. 现在这个公司被我叔叔管理着。 3.When stress gets out of control，it can lead to poor performance and ill health. 当压力失去控制时，它可能会导致糟糕的表现和不好的健康状况。 4.Many people lose control of the time they spend on the Internet. 很多人不能控制他们在互联网上所花费的时间。 5.Having a balanced diet and exercising regularly can bring your weight under control but you must stick to your plan. 均衡饮食和经常锻炼可以控制体重，但你必须坚持自己的计划。(写作—健康生活) 5. recognise (recognize) vt. 辨别出；承认；认可；意识到 Recognise text type识别文本类型 用法归纳 ①be (widely) recognised as/to be . . . 被(普遍/广泛)认为是…… ②It is (widely) recognised that. . . 人们(普遍)认为…… ③recognise. . . from/by . . . 通过……认出…… ④recognise+ that /how/wh-从句 承认/意识到…… 词汇拓展 recognition n. 识别；认可；承认；赞赏；表彰 change beyond/out of (all) recognition变得面目全非；沧海桑田 in recognition of. . . 以表彰/奖赏…… 1.You can recognise her from/by her accent. 你可以通过口音认出她。 2.We recognise that the economic growth needs time. 我们承认经济增长是需要时间的。 3.The village is now recognised as/to be one of the most beautiful tourism villages in Shanxi. 这个村庄现在被认为是山西最美丽的旅游村庄之一。(写作—景点描写) 4.It is widely recognised that the traffic jam has become one serious problem for citizens. 人们普遍认为，交通阻塞已成为市民面临的一个严重问题。 5.The town has changed beyond recognition since I was last here. 自从我上次离开这里以来，这座城镇已经变得让人认不出来了。 6. admire vt. 钦佩；赞赏；欣赏 Stay in a local hotel，visit the museums，admire the architecture. . . 待在当地的一家宾馆，参观博物馆，欣赏建筑…… 用法归纳 ①admire sb. /sth. for sth. 因某事而钦佩/赞赏某人/某物 ②admire sb. for doing sth. 因做某事而钦佩/赞赏某人 词汇拓展 ①admiration n. 钦佩；赞赏；羡慕 express/have admiration for sb. 羡慕/钦佩某人 in admiration钦佩地；赞赏地；羡慕地 ②admirable adj. 令人钦佩的；值得赞赏的 ③admiring adj. 钦佩的 ④admirer n. 仰慕者 1.We admire the old scientist for his great contribution to the country. 我们因这位老科学家对国家做出的巨大贡献而钦佩他。 2.I want to express admiration for my father，because he never gives up in the face of difficulties. 我想表达对我父亲的钦佩，因为他在困难面前从不放弃。(写作—钦佩的人) 3.The kids looked at their math teacher in admiration. 孩子们敬佩地看着他们的数学老师。 7. contact vt. 联络；联系 n. 联系；接触 For more brochures about other package tours around Peru，contact us at tourinfo@travelperu. org. 想要更多关于秘鲁其他包价旅游的宣传册，请发电子邮件至tourinfo@travelperu. org与我们联系。 用法归纳 ①keep/stay in contact with. . . 与……保持联系 ②be/remain in contact with. . . 与……在联系中；接触…… ③get in contact with. . . (=make contact with. . . )与……取得联系 ④have contact with. . . 与……有联系 ⑤ lose contact with. . . 与……失去联系 词汇拓展 keep/stay in touch with. . . 与……保持联系 be in touch with. . . 与……有联系 get in touch with. . . 与……取得联系 lose touch with. . . 与……失去联系 be out of touch with. . . 与……失去联系 1.We have kept in contact with each other since graduation. 毕业以来我们一直保持着联系。(写作—友谊) 2.Children should know how to get in contact with their parents when they lose their way. 孩子们在迷路时应该知道如何与家长取得联系。 3.The busy life makes young people lose contact with their friends and have a feeling of loneliness. 忙碌的生活使年轻人与朋友失去联系，产生一种孤独感。 8. make up构成；形成 These Inca roads were made up of two north-south highways and many small roads crossing the mountains east to west. 这些印加的道路是由两条南北通向的公路和多条由东向西横穿山脉的小路组成的。 用法归纳 ①A make up B A构成B (被动语态为 B be made up of A ) ②make up还可表示“ 和解/和好 ； 化妆 ；编造(故事、谎言等)；补上(失去的东西)”。 词汇拓展 make up for 补偿；弥补 易混辨析 ①make up for和make up表示“弥补”的区别 | | make up for the bad situation扭转不利局面 | | make up for the lack of talent with hard work用努力弥补天分不高 | | make up for your sorrow弥补你的悲伤 | | make up for lost time弥补失去的时间 | | | make up the rest of the money凑齐剩下的钱 | | make up the work/the lost time补上工作/失去的时间 |
②make up，consist of 整体与部分的关系 情景助记 B make(s) up A=A is/are made up of B=A consist(s) of B 1.Girls make up 45% of the students. =45% of the students are made up of girls. 女生占学生人数的45%。 2.They quarrelled the other day but they made up soon. 他们前几天吵架了，但很快就和好了。(写作—人际关系) 3.I don't like to see people make up in public. 我不喜欢看到人们在公共场合化妆。 4.Remember to drink throughout exercise to make up for water lost to sweat. 记住运动时全程都要喝水，以弥补流汗所造成的水分流失。 5.Ten members make up the swim team. =The swim team is made up of ten members. =The swim team consists of ten members. 这个游泳队由10名成员组成。 9. request n. (正式或礼貌的)要求；请求 vt. (正式或礼貌地)要求；请求 Special requests特殊要求 用法归纳 名①make a request for sth. 要求/请求得到某物 ②at sb. 's request=at the request of sb. 应某人的请求/要求 ③by request按照要求 动④request sb. to do sth. 请求/要求某人做某事 ⑤request sth. from sb. 向某人要求某物 1.This club made a request for more volunteers. 这个俱乐部要求获得更多的志愿者。 2.For example，she has requested a technical team to develop an app so as to satisfy different users' needs. 例如，她已经要求一个技术团队开发一款应用程序以满足不同用户的需求。(译林必修三) 3.It is requested that students (should) do some exercise for at least an hour every day. 学生们被要求每天锻炼至少一个小时。 4.Our teacher requested/made a request that we (should) take this opportunity to talk about how we learn English on the Internet. 我们的老师要求我们利用这个机会谈谈我们如何在网上学习英语。 10. view n. 视野；景色；看法 v. 看待；把……视为 用法归纳 名①come into view进入视野 ②have a good view of清楚地看到 ③in view of 鉴于；考虑到；由于 ④ in one's view/ from one's point of view在某人看来 ⑤in view在视线内 动⑥view sb. /sth. as . . . 把某人/某物视为…… 词汇拓展 ①viewer n. 观看者；电视观众 ②前缀pre-(在……之前)+view→preview n. 预展；预演 v. 为(影视节目)写预评 ③前缀re-(再)+view→review n. 评论 v. 回顾；复习 ④前缀inter-(互相)+view→interview n. 采访；面试 v. 对……进行面试；采访 1.In view of the weather，the event will be held indoors. 天气的缘故，这项赛事将在室内进行。 2.In my view/From my point of view，watching the news on TV is a good way to learn Chinese. 依我看，看电视新闻是学习中文的好方法。 3.Stand on the top of the building，and you will have a good view of the city. 站在楼顶，你会看清这个城市。 4.The beautiful lake came into view as we turned the corner，and all of us could hardly contain our excitement. 我们转过弯就看见了那个漂亮的湖，我们所有人都难以抑制自己的兴奋。(读后续写—心理描写) 5.Travelling to conferences，lectures，workshops，and the like—frequently by plane—is viewed as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. 频繁乘坐飞机去参加会议、讲座、研讨会以及诸如此类的活动对于科学家们聚在一起交流信息是重要的。 11. sight n. 景象；视野；视力 I've heard that it is an amazing sight，and I can't wait to go. 我听说这(兵马俑)是一个令人惊叹的景象，我已经迫不及待要去了。 用法归纳 ①come into sight出现 ②catch sight of . . . 看见…… ③lose sight of . . . 看不见……；忽略…… ④at first sight乍一看；初看时 ⑤ at the sight of. . . 在看到……时 ⑥in/within sight在视野内，看得见 ⑦ out of sight看不见，在视野外 易混辨析 | | | 指视野范围内的景象或情景，用复数时多指用于观光的名胜 | | 指一眼可见全貌的景色或场面，不限于自然风景，也常指戏剧、电影、小说中的场景 | | 意为“风景，景色”，为集合名词，不是指个别的风景，而是指由多个scene构成的总的自然景色或风景 |
1.His mother stood there until they lost sight of each other. 他的妈妈站在那里，直到他们看不见彼此了。 2.The mountain town came into sight as we turned the last corner. 我们拐过最后一个弯，这座山城就出现了。 3.At the sight of the fierce wolf，one of them froze with terror，too frightened to move. 在看到那只凶恶的狼时，他们中的一个被吓呆了，动弹不得。(读后续写—情节描写) 4.The parents watched as their son walked out of sight into the crowds of hundreds of students and parents. 这对父母看着他们的儿子走出他们的视野，进入数百名学生和家长的人群中。(读后续写—场景描写) 5.Failing to find any other way out，they decided to make a walking journey，as they caught sight of an old hikers' guide. 由于找不到任何其他出路，并且他们看到一本旧的徒步旅行指南，他们决定徒步旅行。 6.You can get a wonderful view from the top of the tower. 从塔顶你可以看到美丽的景色。 7.They stood there，gazing at the happy scene of children playing in the park. 他们站在那里，注视着孩子们在公园里玩耍的快乐场景。 8.I've always wanted to travel to Xinjiang because of its beautiful scenery and delicious cuisine. 我一直想去新疆旅游，因为那里有美丽的风景和美味的饭菜。 句型结构1. 强调句型 It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru. 正是出于这个原因，西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。(强调状语) 用法归纳 ①强调句的基本句型： It is/was +被强调部分+ that /who+其余部分. ②被强调的部分可以是宾语、 主语 、 状语 ，不能是谓语和表语； ③当被强调的部分指人时，既可用that，也可用who，当被强调的部分指物、时间、地点、方式或原因时，只能用that。 结构拓展 ①强调句的一般疑问句式：Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+其余部分? •Was it in the office that he saw you just now? 他刚才是在办公室看见你的吗? ②强调句的特殊疑问句式：特殊疑问词+is/was it+that+其余部分? •When was it that they went abroad? 他们是什么时候出国的? ③not. . . until. . . 的强调句：It is/was+not until. . . +that+其余部分. •It wasn't until a couple of hours later that we opened the doors and began serving dinner. 直到几个小时后我们才打开门，开始供餐。(2022浙江) 特别提醒 ①强调句型中的it通常不能用其他代词代替。 ②强调句的时态只有两种：一般现在时和一般过去时。对过去进行强调，则强调句中的be就用was；对现在或将来进行强调，强调句中的be就用is。 情景导学 But it is the harbor that makes the city. 但是是这个港口造就了这座城市。 It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house that we saw Lily in the passenger seat. 直到汽车停在我们家房前时，我们才看到莉莉坐在乘客座位上。 句子结构2. 表语前置构成的完全倒装 Especially amazing is the Incas' dry stone method of building. 尤其令人惊奇的是印加人的干式石头搭砌的建造方法。 用法归纳 ①有时为了强调或使句子平衡、上下文紧密衔接，会将表语置于句首，将主语置于系动词之后，构成“表语+系动词+主语”的完全倒装结构。 ②结构公式：表语(形容词/分词/ 介词短语 )+系动词+主语。 结构拓展 here、there、out、in、down、up、away、now、then等表示地点、方位或时间的副词置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。 1.In front of our classroom is a big garden. 我们教室的前面是一个大花园。 2.Typical of China is the crosstalk show，in which two comedians entertain the audiences with words. 相声表演是中国典型的艺术形式，两名喜剧演员用言语来逗乐观众。 3.Out ran my brother before I could say a word. 我还没来得及说话，我弟弟就跑了出去。 句型结构3. It is/was+adj. +that从句 It's amazing that there are more than 8，000 statues，and no one in modern times knew about them until the 1970s. 令人惊讶的是有8，000多座雕像，直到20世纪70年代才有现代人知道它们。 用法归纳 ①“It is/was+adj. +that从句”中的It作形式主语，后面的 that从句 为真正的主语。 ②常用于该句型的形容词有 important 、 surprising 、 obvious 、funny、natural、true、strange、possible、likely、probable等。 特别提醒 在“It is necessary/important/surprising/strange+that从句”中，that从句常用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should+动词原形”的形式，其中should可以省略。 结构拓展 it充当形式主语时，其他几个常见句型： ①It is/was+a pity/a shame/no wonder+that. . . 遗憾的是/惭愧的是/难怪…… ②It is/was+said/reported/believed+that. . . 据说/据报道/人们相信…… ③It occurs to/hits/strikes sb. that. . . 某人突然想到…… ④It worries/amazes sb. that. . . 使某人担心/惊讶的是…… It is obvious that he has read this book. 很明显他读过这本书。 It is surprising that your brother should pick up Russian so quickly. 令人惊讶的是你弟弟竟然这么快就学会了俄语。 It is important that middle school students know how to use social media properly. 中学生知道如何正确使用社交媒体是很重要的。(写作—社交媒体) 一.单句语法填空 1.As we all know, the ancient garden is unique China. 2.They are making (arrange) for their daughter's wedding. 3.She won the (admire)of many people in her battle against cancer. 4.The expert's research findings received popular (recognise). 5.The meeting has lasted for three days, but we haven't heard the (office)decision. 6.When I began my senior high school, I found it (extreme) difficult to learn English well. 7.The final score of the basketball match was 93∶94. We were only beaten (narrow). 8.We were so (amaze) that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders.(2020全国Ⅲ) 9.As you know, Julia (leave) soon. If you set out for the airport right now, you can see her off. 10.He worked hard at his lessons that he gained good grades in the exams. 1.to 考查介词。be unique to...表示“是……特有的/独有的”。这里指“古代园林是中国独有的”。故填to。 2.arrangements 考查名词及其复数形式。make arrangements for...意为“为……做安排”。故填arrangements。 3.admiration 考查名词。根据设空处前面的the和设空处后面的of可知,设空处应填一个名词。故填admiration。win the admiration of...意为“赢得……的钦佩”。 4.recognition 考查名词。设空处作received的宾语且根据设空处前面的popular可知,设空处应为名词,故填recognition,意为“认可”。popular recognition表示“普遍的认可”。 5.official 考查形容词。根据设空处前面的the和后面的名词decision可知,设空处应填一个形容词,故填official。the official decision意为“官方的决定”。 6.extremely 考查副词。设空处与前后文构成“found+形式宾语(it)+宾补(中心词为difficult)+真正的宾语(不定式to learn...)”。此处表示“我发现学好英语非常难”。故设空处应用副词来修饰形容词difficult,表示程度,故填extremely。 7.narrowly 考查副词。根据设空处前面的were only beaten可知,设空处应用一个副词作状语。故填narrowly, 意为“勉强地;以毫厘之差”。 8.amazed 考查形容词。根据设空处前面的We were可知此处应用以“⁃ed”结尾的形容词作表语,表示“(感到)惊讶的”。故填amazed。句中的so作副词,意为“很;非常”,that引导的是宾语从句。句意:我们非常惊讶,他们能在水下待的时间比我们当地的岛民待的时间长得多。 9.is leaving 考查现在进行时。句意:如你所知,朱莉娅马上就要走了。如果你现在出发去机场,你可以给她送行。此处表示即将、马上要做的事情,应用现在进行时。主语为第三人称单数,故填is leaving。 10.so 考查so that引导结果状语从句。句意:他努力学习功课,所以在考试中取得了好成绩。so that引导结果状语从句,意为“因此;所以”。故填so。 二.选词填空 other than; take control of; be made up of |
Bob is very popular in the school. He 1. the school football team last month, which 2. 23 members. 3. that, he is the chairman of the student union. He is so excellent that many students follow his example. 1.took control of 2.is made up of 3.Other than 三.完成句子 1.许多毕业生都向华为公司申请了这个职位,但只有少数人通过了面试。(apply) Many graduates HUAWEI the position, but only a few passed the interview. 2.All the teachers and students were present at the activity.(句式升级;完全倒装) → all the teachers and students. 3.You shared so many interesting things about your country at the cultural festival.(句式升级;强调句型) → you shared so many interesting things about your country. 1.applied to;for 2.Present at the activity were 3.It was at the cultural festival that 一. 单词变形练习 1.His__________（apply)for membership of the club was rejected. 2.To her ______________ ， we were not ___________ at her _______ deed.(amaze) 3.I can't afford the time to go travelling with you. I have to make________ (arrange) for the art exhibition next week. 4.Ann had changed so much that I could hardly________her; she had changed beyond___________ .(recognise) 5. My luggage should arrive on the next_________ (fly). 6.More than one thousand people were killed when a__________ (power)earthquake struck Western Indonesia at the end of September. 7. The talks will focus on__________ (economy) development of the region. 8. Mandarin is the__________ (office) language of China. 9. His achievement earned him respect and_________ (admire). 10. Some of these chemicals are_________ (extreme)dangerous. 1.application 2.amazement , amazed , amazing 3.arrangements 4. recognised , recognition 5.flight 6.powerful 7.economic 8.official 9.admiration 10.extremely 二．语法填空 Xu Xiuzhen, a 75-year-old lady, has been acting as at our guide for over 20 years in Yangshuo，Guilin,1._______ is a city known both in China and abroad for its beautiful landscape. 2.________ she attended only primary school when she was young, she can now speak approximately 1l foreign languages 3._________ (fluent).Since 20 years ago, tourists 4._________ (show) affection for Yangshuo,including a great many foreigners. In order to make a 5. _________(live),Xu Xiuzhen began to sell water. However, she could hardly make any money at first because foreigners didn't understand her accent. She tried to imitate the 6._________ (pronounce) of the foreigners, take notes and learn them 7._________ heart. If she came across tourists who could speak both Chinese and a foreign language, she would ask them to translate their words many times so that she could remember them 8._________（well).It is in this way that the old granny masters 11 languages, such as English, French, Russian, ROK. Now, she has no difficulty at all 9._________ (communicate) with foreign friends in simple oral English. She is also 10.__________(refer) to as Mama Moon for her kindness among tourists. 1.which 2Though/Although/while 3.fluently 4.have shown 5.living 6.pronunciation 7.by 8.better 9.communicating 10.referred 三．句型练习 1.一旦拿到签证，我们将在线预订机票。(once)____________________ we will book flight tickets online. 2.请问您想怎么支付费用？(would like to do..).May I ask__________________ ？ 3.下面是两篇关于秘鲁的文章。(完全倒装) _____________________two texts about Peru. 4.正是由于这个原因，西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。__________________________________(强调句)Spanish is the main official language of Peru. 5.我听说这是一个惊人的景象，我迫不及待地想去。(wait)I've heard that it is an amazing sight, and I____________________________________. 6.令人惊奇的是，有超过8000座俑像，直到20世纪70 4年代现代人才知道它们。(it作形式主语)_____________________________there are more than 8,000 statues, and no one in modern times knew about them until the 1970s. 7.每座俑像的相貌都不相同，这让研究人员认为每座俑 山像都是一名真实士兵的形象。（现在分词短语作结果状语；lead)Each statue has a different face, _________________________________that each one is a copy of a real soldier. 1. Once we get the visa2. how you would like to pay3. Below are4. It is for this reason that 5.can’t wait to go6. It’s amazing that7.leading researchers to believe 一.阅读理解 A A Tour Around Tasmania, Australia Come to Tasmania, Australia for a great tour around the coasts, wetlands, rainforests, national parks and mountains in search of its unique wildlife and beautiful scenery. Expect to see different types of wildlife from little penguins to a large number of birds. With just 10 places available(可获得的), all guests will have a deeply personal experience, in a friendly atmosphere designed to have little effect on the places visited. Tour Details: ◎Lasting up to 12 days ◎Traveling on foot or by boat ◎A small group tour with just 10 guests ◎Led throughout by biologist Nick Mooney ◎Seeing some unusual and endangered wildlife ◎Staying in 4⁃star hotels, wood⁃built rainforest houses and farms ◎Visiting Mount Field National Park, Cradle Mountain, Maria Island and Bruny Island The tour is perfect for those nature⁃lovers, as it acts as a fantastic introduction to Tasmania's amazing plants and animals and how it is being protected while allowing those with a deep understanding of wildlife protection to observe a great many species on land, in the sky and at sea. Email us at wildlife@tasmania.com to book now and we will provide you with more information. 1.What do you know about the tour? A.It is a guided tour by a biologist. B.It lasts ten days. C.It offers hotels for free. D.It offers a bus. 2.What should people do on the tour? A.Protect nature. B.Feed wildlife. C.Stay away from forests. D.Visit twelve attractions. 3.How should the tour be booked? A.By phone. B.By email. C.By letter. D.By going to a travel company. ◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了澳大利亚的塔斯马尼亚之旅。 1.A 细节理解题。根据Tour Details部分中的“Led throughout by biologist Nick Mooney(由生物学家Nick Mooney全程带领)”可知,这次旅行由一位生物学家担任向导。故选A。 2.A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“all guests will have a deeply personal experience, in a friendly atmosphere designed to have little effect on the places visited(在一个旨在对参观的地方没有什么影响的友好的环境中,所有的客人都将有一次非常私人化的经历)”可知,人们在旅行中应该保护大自然。故选A。 3.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Email us at wildlife@tasmania.com to book now and we will provide you with more information.(现在请给我们发送邮件至wildlife@tasmania.com预订,我们将为您提供更多的信息。)”可知,人们应该通过发送电子邮件预订这趟旅行。故选B。 【高频词汇】 1.in search of...为了寻找…… 2.scenery n.风景 3.atmosphere n.气氛,环境 4.have effect on...对……有影响 5.up to多达 6.throughout adv.自始至终;遍及 7.endangered wildlife濒危野生动植物 8.fantastic adj.极好的;了不起的 9.observe v.观察 10.species n.物种 11.for free免费 12.stay away from远离 13.attraction n.向往的地方;有吸引力的事 【熟词生义】 book v.预订 【差距词汇】 biologist n.生物学家 长难句 原句 The tour is perfect for those nature⁃lovers, as it acts as a fantastic introduction to Tasmania's amazing plants and animals and how it is being protected while allowing those with a deep understanding of wildlife protection to observe a great many species on land, in the sky and at sea. 分析 该句是一个主从复合句。as引导的是原因状语从句,在该原因状语从句中,how引导的是宾语从句,作introduction后介词to的宾语,与Tasmania's amazing plants and animals并列,while allowing those...是带有连词while的现在分词短语作状语,with a deep understanding of wildlife protection为介词短语作后置定语,修饰前面的those。 译文 对于那些热爱大自然的人来说,这是一趟完美的旅行,因为它以绝妙的方式介绍了塔斯马尼亚令人惊奇的动植物,以及该地在允许那些对野生动植物保护有深刻理解的人可以观察陆地、天空和海里的许多物种的同时是如何受到保护的。 B The hike to Choquequirao, the lost Inca city, is one of the most difficult things in Peru. From the town of Cachora(161 km west of Cusco), it's an 18⁃kilometer walk to the Capuliyoc Mountain, then down to Playa Rosalina, where travellers camp for the night. Waking early, travellers then have to cross the Apurímac River and walk uphill to camp close to the ruins(残垣断壁). Then, the next morning, it's another 2⁃kilometer walk up to the ruins, 3.1 km above sea level. To get back? Well, it's the same way that you take when you come. “I've had people in their 60s and 70s do it,” said a guide. “But some people come right out and say that because it's only 28 km, they can do it in a day. Six or seven days for the hike is best.” It makes sense, then, that Choquequirao draws only about 30 people a day during the high season, compared to the 2,500 people who arrive at the famous Inca city, Machu Picchu each day. But for those who make the journey, the rewards are great: beautiful mountain views, and the chance to explore the wonderful ruins. Believed to be created around the same time as Machu Picchu, Choquequirao is actually larger than better⁃known Machu Picchu. But very little has been written about Peru's other lost cities and researchers are still unearthing new parts of the ruins. But officials say that the building of the first cable car(缆车) to Choquequirao will shorten the several⁃day walk to a 15⁃minute cable car ride. As a result, the number of travellers could reach 3,000 per day. Choquequirao is beautiful now because of how untouched it is. Even though the lost city was discovered by a Spanish explorer in 1710, the ruins still make you feel as though you were the first to find them. Will it be the same when more travellers flood in(大量涌入)? 4.What is the first paragraph mainly about? A.How high Choquequirao is. B.How to get to Choquequirao easily. C.What great views Choquequirao has. D.How hard the trip to Choquequirao is. 5.In what way is Choquequirao different from Machu Picchu? A.Choquequirao is older. B.Choquequirao is quieter. C.Choquequirao is smaller. D.Choquequirao is better known. 6.What state are the ruins of Choquequirao in? A.They're still being dug out. B.They're in generally poor condition. C.They're being repaired at the moment. D.They've been researched internationally. 7.What does the author think of Choquequirao in the future? A.It will be more attractive. B.It will develop at a low speed. C.It may not take a turn for the better. D.It won't be more popular than Machu Picchu. ◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了印加古城乔昆丘拉。 4.D 主旨大意题。第一段第一句为本段的主题句,指出了去往乔昆丘拉的徒步旅行非常艰难(one of the most difficult things),后文中的“an 18⁃kilometer walk” “then down to” “then have to cross” “walk uphill” “another 2⁃kilometer walk”具体说明了去乔昆丘拉的旅途的艰难。故选D。 5.B 推理判断题。根据题干中的Machu Picchu可定位到第三段和第五段。根据第三段中的“30 people”和“2,500 people”的对比可知,去乔昆丘拉的人比去马丘比丘的人要少得多,所以乔昆丘拉更安静。故选B。根据第五段的“Believed to be created around the same time...Choquequirao is actually larger than better⁃known Machu Picchu”可知,乔昆丘拉和马丘比丘几乎一样“古老”,但乔昆丘拉更大,马丘比丘更出名,故A、C、D三项可排除。 6.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段最后一句中的“researchers are still unearthing new parts of the ruins”可知,废墟仍在挖掘中。故选A。 7.C 推理判断题。题干问的是作者对乔昆丘拉的未来的看法,文章中并未出现直接反映作者态度的词汇,故需从作者的文字描述中推测隐藏的情感信息。最后一段谈到乔昆丘拉因为未受影响(untouched)而美丽,最后一句作者提出问题“当更多的游客大量涌入后,它还能这样吗?”,这其实表达了作者的担忧,作者担心乔昆丘拉在未来不一定会变得更好,故选C。 【高频词汇】 1.make sense讲得通 2.compared to与……相比 3.reward n.回报 v.奖励 4.explore v.探索 5.as a result结果 6.even though即使 7.as though好像 8.attractive adj.吸引人的 【熟词生义】 1.draw v.吸引,招引 2.ride n.(乘车或骑车的)短途旅程 【差距词汇】 untouched adj.未受影响的,未被损害的 长难句 原句 It makes sense, then, that Choquequirao draws only about 30 people a day during the high season, compared to the 2,500 people who arrive at the famous Inca city, Machu Picchu each day. 分析 It为形式主语,后面的that Choquequirao draws...season为真正的主语,make sense意为“讲得通”,故句子主干意为“……就讲得通了”。then和compared to the 2,500 people...为状语,who引导定语从句。 二.语法填空 How do you usually spend your holiday? When it comes to ways to take holidays, different people often have different preferences. However, taking a trip is one of the most popular 1 (choice) for people from all over the world. As to who travels the most, a study that 2 (publish) last month online found that those from America topped the list. Americans are the world's 3 (large) group of home travellers. People from Norway travel the most 4 (international). As for the travelling habits, Russians prefer exploring historical places, 5 many Chinese travellers would love to spend much time and energy 6 (shop) during their visits. Chinese tourists are attracted 7 posting their trips online as they tour around. Americans often arrive at 8 destination with a list of famous sites to see in a hurry. People from Italy 9 always plan their daily schedule over breakfast time travel a little more casually. With types of travelling ways, people have their own favorite destinations. Anyway, travelling can make an 10 (amaze) holiday. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. ◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。旅行的方式多种多样,人们都有自己喜欢的目的地。文章主要介绍了不同国家的人有不同的度假方式。 1.choices 考查名词的数。句意:然而,对来自世界各地的人来说,旅行是最受欢迎的选择之一。choice意为“选择”时为可数名词,此处为“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”的表达。故填choices。 2.was published 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:上个月在网上发布的一项研究发现,在谁旅行次数最多的问题上,美国人位居榜首。that 2 last month online是that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词a study, that在从句中作主语,设空处在从句中作谓语,由last month可知用一般过去时,a study与publish之间为被动关系,且a study为第三人称单数,故填was published。 3.largest 考查形容词最高级。句意:美国人是世界上最大的国内旅行者群体。根据the world's和语境可知应用形容词最高级。故填largest。 4.internationally 考查副词。句意:挪威人国际旅行最多。设空处修饰动词travel,应用副词internationally。 5.while 考查连词。句意:至于旅游习惯,俄罗斯人更喜欢探索历史古迹,而许多中国游客喜欢在旅游期间花很多时间和精力购物。设空处表示前后意思的对比,应用while连接两个并列分句。 6.shopping 考查动名词。spend time and energy (in) doing sth.意为“花费时间和精力做某事”,其中的in可以省略。故填shopping。 7.to 考查介词。句意:中国游客对四处游览时在网上发布他们的旅行经历很感兴趣。be attracted to...意为“被……吸引,对……感兴趣”。故填to。 8.a 考查冠词。此处表示“到达一个目的地”。destination为可数名词,此处表泛指,且destination以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词a。 9.who/that 考查定语从句。句意:总是在早餐时间计划他们的日常行程的意大利人的旅行更随意一些。设空处无提示词,设空处前的from Italy为介词短语作后置定语,修饰前面的People,“ 9 always plan their daily schedule over breakfast time”中缺少主语,故推测设空处引导定语从句,结合句意可知,该定语从句的先行词为People,故用关系代词who或that。
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